Cross Border Transferability (XBT) Handbook

AWG releases the first version of its cross border transferability (XBT) handbook. It addresses best practices to promote safety, simplification, and global harmonization in connection with changes of aircraft registration and nationality. AWG views the handbook (among other things) as a companion to the recently published ICAO XBT guidance. The handbook will be reviewed and updated regularly.

AWG submits comment letter on EU Taxonomy as applied to Aviation

AWG submits comment letter on EU Taxonomy as applied to Aviation (Commission’s draft Delegated Act supplementing Regulation (EU) 2020/852 and amending Delegated Regulation (EU) 2021/2178)

AWG releases its semi-annual 2023 update of the Cape Town Compliance Index

On 4 April 2023, AWG released its semi-annual 2023 update of the AWG Cape Town Compliance Index.

That release included a visually enhanced version of AWG's assessment as to whether countries meet the substantive standard for eligibility for the ‘CTC discount’ set out in the Aircraft Sector Understanding. AWG's assessment is accesible via the main link.

2023 edition of the practitioner’s guide to the Cape Town Convention and Aircraft Protocol 

 On March 2023, the legal advisory panel of AWG released the 2023 new edition of the practitioner’s guide to the Cape Town Convention and Aircraft Protocol  

AWG presents at Airline Economics event (Dublin) on ESG and Russia

This link is to a video of the AWG presentation on ESG and Russia given by AWG at the Airline Economics event in Dublin on 16 January 2023.

AWG appoints Watson Farley & Williams as its supporting international counsel

Effective 1 January 2023, AWG appointed Watson Farley & Williams (WFW) as its supporting international counsel.

AWG has a long-standing and deep relationship with WFW, with the firm providing advice to AWG on the development of its ESG framework, the design and build of the AWG carbon calculator, and the design and build of the Global Aircraft Trading System (GATS), providing ongoing support in relation to CTC, and reviewing specific concerns in relation to aviation insurance connected to global events.

AWG releases its assessment of whether the substantive standards set out in the ASU for a CTC discount have been satisfied by countries

AWG releases its assessment as to whether countries meet the substantive standards set out in the Aircraft Sector Understanding (ASU) for eligibility for the Cape Town Convention discount under the 2011 ASU (CTC discount). It is based on data and inferences from the relevant parts of AWG’s CTC compliance index.

The AWG assessment is independent of the OECD (and its participants) and their decision-making on eligibility for the CTC discount under the ASU. It assesses the substantive ASU standard without reference to whether a country is on the ‘Cape Town list’, as defined in the ASU.

Cape Town Convention international moot court program created

Cape Town Convention academic project (CTCAP) has created the Cape Town Convention (CTC) international moot court program (CTC moot court).

The purpose of the CTC moot court is to familiarize students and judges with CTC in the context of complex hypothetical fact patterns and to provide students with educational exercises involving these instruments in a simulated judicial setting.

The hypothetical and related materials will be modified on a jurisdictional basis, depending on the venue of the CTC moot court. The major change will be that such venue will be the assumed country where the aircraft is registered under Chicago Convention of 1944.

The program will work around the world with local universities. The CTC moot court will be heard by sitting judges from their respective jurisdictions. Alternatively, the fact pattern may be used as the basis of discussion and debate among judges and/or students.

The CTCAP, which facilitates the study of CTC, operates under the joint auspices of UNIDROIT and the University of Cambridge Faculty of Law. The Aviation Working Group is the founding sponsor the CTCAP.

ICAO releases cross-border transferability guidance (registration and deregistration manual)

In connection with AWG work on cross-border transferability of aircraft (XBT), ICAO releases unedited versions of its new Registration and Deregistration Manual incorporating guidance on cross-border transfers of aircraft (XBT) and its new guidance material regarding 'Maintenance on Aircraft Without Registration', setting out procedures for maintaining aircraft during an extended period when not registered.

AWG announces no-cost open access to the Cape Town Compliance Index

AWG is pleased to announce that it will provide the public with no-cost open access to the Cape Town Convention Compliance Index, including country-specific scorecards and detailed annotations

AWG releases statement on the obligations of contracting States under the Cape Town Convention to apply the terms of agreements, recognizing defaults as defined by the parties

AWG  releases statement on the Obligations of Contracting States Under the Cape Town Convention to apply the terms of agreements, recognizing defaults as defined by the parties

AWG releases statement on the obligations of Contracting States to support enforcement of remedies under the Cape Town Convention

AWG releases statement on the obligations of Contracting States to support enforcement of remedies under the Cape Town Convention

AWG releases statement on Russian State action constituting breach of the Cape Town Convention

AWG releases statement on Russian State action constituting breach of the Cape Town Convention

AWG releases statement on Cape Town Convention remedies for Russian operated aircraft – located inside the territory of the Russian Federation

AWG releases statement on Cape Town Convention remedies for Russian operated aircraft – located inside the territory of the Russian Federation

AWG releases statement on Cape Town Convention remedies for Russian operated aircraft – located outside of the territory of the Russian Federation

AWG releases statement on Cape Town Convention remedies for Russian operated aircraft – located outside of the territory of the Russian Federation

AWG releases the AWG statement on cross-border transferability of aircraft principles

AWG releases its statement on cross-border transferability of aircraft principles. This statement on guiding principles aims to facilitate the cross-border transfer of aircraft while maximizing safety and efficiency.

AWG submits ESG letter to the EU Commission

AWG submits letter to the EU Commission on EU taxonomy draft technical screening criteria for passenger air transport

ESG review and assessment group

The Aviation Working Group is reviewing and assessing the potential impact on aircraft financing and leasing of rapidly developing ESG-related regulations, disclosure requirements, and government policies. That work, building on AWG’s prior ESG activities (AWG carbon calculator and submissions on principles relating to green financing), includes consideration of potential industry practices in light of, and seeking consistency relating to, such regulations, requirements, and policies.

AWG has retained Watson Farley & Williams and Clifford Chance to provide support for this work.

Guidelines in structured financings with shared security

In light of and response to recent events, AWG issued guidelines which it recommends in order to provide greater predictability for financiers and investors in situations where multiple classes of debt share in a single security interest over aircraft equipment and related collateral and remedies are being exercised. This statement of guidelines has been prepared by AWG as an elective guidance tool.

AWG retained Clifford Chance to provide support for work on this statement.

Cross-border application of article XI of the Aircraft Protocol where airline’s centre of main interest is in an EU member state

On 11 May 2021, the Cape Town Convention Academic Project published an exchange of letters with Sir Roy Goode on the cross border application of Article XI of the Aircraft Protocol where the airline’s centre of main interest is in a Member State of the European Union

Expert opinion issued on CTC restructuring plans and schemes of arrangements in the insolvency context

An expert opinion has been obtained concluding that schemes of arrangement proceedings in the insolvency context are 'insolvency proceedings' for purposes of the Cape Town Convention. Thus, modification of a CTC creditor's rights without its consent is not permitted in such proceedings - where the debtor's main place of business is in a CTC state which declared or incorporated Alternative A (remedies on insolvency). The foregoing is without prejudice to actions taken in connection with a CTC compliant scheme, which includes providing each CTC creditor with a termination option. The expert opinion may only be used in full, as it must be read as a whole.

AWG announces the launch of the AWG Carbon Calculator

AWG has released the AWG carbon calculator on 31 March 2021, and has prepared a press release and a short video introducing the AWG carbon calculator

AWG submits letter on principles applicable to EU taxonomy on green financing

AWG has submitted a letter to the EU Commission on principles for the EU taxonomy on green financing applicable to aviation financing and leasing.

MAB judgement and the Cape Town Convention

As all MAB scheme creditors agreed to it, the High Court of Justice for England and Wales decision of 23 February 2021 did not address the issue of whether a part 26 scheme in the insolvency context is a Cape Town Convention ‘insolvency proceeding’ (thus preventing cram-down). The court action is consistent with the request made in AWG's letter to the court dated 21 February 2021.

The judge noted, at para 49, that he is ‘content to leave resolution of the issue of whether a scheme under Part 26 A 2006 falls within the definition of an ‘insolvency-related even’ under the Aircraft Protocol or the 2015 Regulations to a case in which it matters.’ And that, at para 48, stated that: ‘… the Scheme purported to bind the non-assenting creditor, and I believe that the court should be concerned whether it was right to give its sanction to a scheme which might be thought to breach an international convention to which the UK is a party.’

The item may be addressed in a future case, and, for use in such case, AWG is securing a powerful opinion to the effect that such Part 26 schemes are in fact Cape Town Convention insolvency proceedings.

Court rulings on schemes of arrangement as ‘insolvency proceedings’

Two important court judgements have endorsed the concept that a scheme of arrangements in the insolvency context is an ‘insolvency proceeding’. This aligns with AWG’s long-standing interpretation.

The High Court of Malaysia stated that a proposed scheme of arrangement by Air Asia X Berhad is an ‘insolvency proceeding’ for purposes of the Cape Town Convention.

The High Court of England and Wales has characterized the Part 26A restructuring plan involving Gategroup Guarantee Limited as an ‘insolvency proceeding’ for purposes of the Lugano Convention. While this was not a Cape Town Conventiuon case, its reasoning should be highly persuasive in the CTC context.

These rulings support the approach set out in Annotation 1 of the Cape Town Convention Academic Project on restructuring arrangements.

AWG commences work on cross-border transferability practitioners’ guide

Building on 10 years of work with the industry, regulators, and international organizations, AWG will commence work (feasibility and content) on a practitioners’ guide on the cross-border transferability of aircraft (guide).  The guide would bring together, develop, advance, and seek to secure recognition of, best practices when changing aircraft nationality (XBT), including in fleet changes in the context of C-19 return to service. It would also address calendar age-based restrictions relating to changes of nationality. The reference standard for such best practices would be rules and guidance issued or given by ICAO, FAA, and EASA. The guide would refer to such standards and rules and differences between them. It would also, over time, add country-specific annotations to its transfer document checklist for many other aviation countries around the world and would summarize requirements, interpretations, and lessons learned in such countries.

The guide would be designed for use by industry in XBT activities, especially day-to-day transfers and regulatory interfaces.

AWG has retained Blake, Cassels & Graydon to provide support over the next year for its work on the guide.

Statement on airline restructuring principles

In response to the disruption to air transport caused by COVID 19, AWG issues a statement on guiding principles which it recommends to materially enhance the prospects for a successful airline restructuring. That statement has been prepared by AWG as an elective guidance tool.

Accelerated development of the trusted communication facility

AWG is pleased to announce the accelerated development of the trusted communication facility (TCF). Attached is the joint statement on TCF released by AWG and Aviareto.

The TCF will be an online platform to support the aviation industry as it recovers from the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the TCF system will enable faster, more efficient and cheaper return to service for aircraft while maintaining highest levels of safety. It will be centred on documentation relating to airworthiness requirements.

The TCF will permit regulators and industry participants to exchange, digitally sign and execute electronic documents to facilitate the return to service of aircraft.

Cross-border insolvencies and the Cape Town Convention

Clarity provided on select aspects of the relationship between cross-border insolvencies and Cape Town Convention through annotation 2 to the Official Commentary issued by the CTC academic project

Voluntary reorganizations and the Cape Town Convention

Clarity provided on relationship between voluntary reorganizations and Cape Town Convention through annotation 1 to the Official Commentary issued by the CTC academic project